Examining the 4G Mobile Standard Convergence to the LTE Standard
Carleton University, Ontario, Canada. September 2009.

The mobile communication service providers have been using different digital mobile communication standards. As a result, the market has been geographically fragmented by the deployment of one of the two dominant families of standards, (i) the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), or (ii) the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Such fragmentation persisted in both second and third generation networks. However, the last few years have witnessed an unprecedented change in this pattern - major service providers have committed to a single standard known as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Within a very short period of time LTE has emerged as the fourth generation network choice for almost all providers.

This research study examines the phenomenon of the decisive convergence to a single mobile communication standard using a multi-level longitudinal case study of the LTE standard to explore the context, process and content of change associated with all relevant events and the stakeholders involved in them. The research produces a set of constructs that can be used to describe the convergence to LTE as well as applied to other similar phenomena in emerging information and communications technology open standards. The key contributions of the research are: i) validating a methodology that was previously used to study the adoption of an open standard to involve the phenomenon of technology convergence, ii) develop a set of constructs describing the evolution of LTE by taking into account the convergence phenomena, iii) provide insights that are relevant to top management teams of firms willing to engage in the development and adoption of emerging open standards in order to align their competitive and product development strategies.