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Pass
1: Preprocessor
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ä |
Macro
and constant substitution
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Strip
comments from source code
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Pass
2: Lexical analyzer, Parser, Code
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generator
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Heart
of the compiler
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Translates
source into a platform independent
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language
much like assembler (Intermediate code 1)
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Pass
3: Optimizer
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ä |
Improves
the quality of the intermediate code
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Pass
4: Back end
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ä |
Translates
the optimized code to real assembler
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language
or directly to to some form of binary
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executable
code
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Provides
target independence for earlier phases
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Java,
UCSD Pascal (Apple II): produces byte-code,
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which
still needs to be interpreted (or compiled
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again)
when executing
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