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      | 
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      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
      | 
   
   
    | l | 
    Most
    routing energy-efficient schemes ignored idle energy 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
    consumption
    in their analysis 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
    | l | 
    Non-routing
    energy-efficient schemes suffered one or more 
     | 
   
   
     | 
    of
    the following issues: 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    No
    attention given to energy fairness among network nodes 
     | 
     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    Unrealistic
    assumptions e.g. traffic nodes do not forward traffic 
     | 
     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    Algorithm
    design tied to a specific underlying routing strategy 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    Large
    impact on the functionality of the underlying routing 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
    scheme 
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     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    No
    interaction with underlying routing protocol which results in 
     | 
     | 
   
   
     | 
    unnecessary
    loss of traffic 
     | 
     | 
   
   
     | 
   
   
     | 
    o | 
    Heuristic
    methodology in determining neighbors’ sleep state 
     | 
     |